A compound is a group of ions held together by ionic bonds. The positively charged portion of the compound usually consists of metal cations or positively charged ions, while the negatively charged portion is usually an anion or a negatively charged ion. The ions are held together by the electrostatic forces between the oppositely charged bodies. The ions in the compounds can be single atoms, such as a sodium atom, or complex groups, such as carbonate. Note: Group 0 elements do not usually form compounds. Their atoms are therefore described as unreactive or stable as their valence shells are full.
How and Why do ionic compounds form?
Ionic Compounds are formed when atoms of 2 different elements react with one another to form a stable ionic compound. The atoms become ions and chemically bond together, such as a Sodium ion and a Chloride ion which bond together to form Sodium Chloride, or NaCl.
What are some differences between an ionic compound an a molecular compound?
There are some differences in the physical properties between ionic compounds and molecular compounds. For example, at room temperature, ionic compounds are in the solid state while molecular compounds can exist in any state (solid, liquid or gas). Another difference is that ionic compounds consist of a positively charged ion, or a cation which is usually a metal, and a negatively charged ion, or an anion. Whereas a molecular compound is a covalent compound which means it is formed with 2 non-metals which are usually anions.
Ionic compounds are also often soluble in water. They also have high melting and boiling points as they have strong electrostatic bonds between particles.
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