Acids: Acids are solutions of pure compounds in water that must be handled carefully, especially the concentrated solutions as they are corrosive,which means that it can burn through skin, clothes and even metal.
To see how hydrochloric acid burns through a penny then click the link here: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=afjG8ahhi8U
But not all acids are this dangerous, for example take Coca Cola, it is make up of carbonic acids which gives it the bubbles and the power to rush out of the can, making the perfect prank to play on your unsuspecting friend. Acid turns blue litmus paper red and is from 1 to 7 on the pH scale with 1 being the strongest and 7 being the weakest, they have a sour taste but i would recommend NOT to taste them. The more common acids that are known are:
Hydrochloric acid (HCL)
Sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
Nitric acid (HNO3)
Ethanoic acid (CH3COOH)
Alkalies: Alkalies are another group of chemicals that affect litmus paper just like acid but in a different way. Just like acids they must be handled carefully as they too can burn really badly. Pure Alkalies are in solid form, except for ammonia which is in gas form. Alkalies are 7 to 14 on the pH scale and have a bitter taste to them and like acids, are NOT recommended to be tasted. Alkalies are used in cleaning products like soap and detergent as well as batteries.
pH :an acidic solution has a pH number less than 7 while a alkaline solution has a pH number greater than 7.
a neutral solution has a pH of exactly 7
THE BIG EXPERIMENT: MAKING YOUR OWN INDICATOR OUT OF RED CABBAGE LEAVES AND TESTING IT OUT ON DIFFERENT SOLUTIONS.
What is needed???: Red cabbage, test tubes, goggles, test tube rack, different chemical solutions, beaker tripod stand, wire gauze, Bunsen burner, syringe
Steps:
1. boil the red cabbage in water for about 20 minutes
2. after boiling allow to cool and remove cabbage
3. boil off excess water to obtain indicator
4. prepare test tubes with the various chemical solutions
5. using a syringe, add a few drops of the red cabbage solution into the test tubes
6. observe the colors that the indicators have turned into.
7. use the information you collected to see what the pH levels of the different acids are.
This is a video by a man showing what the experiment should look like: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6Tuv6noAgtY
As you can see that when the indicator turns reddish it is an acid but when it turns bluish it is an alkaline.
Thank You for bothering to read this blog you have not wasted 10 minutes of your life
good for you :)
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